Human Scabies: a skin infestation review

Human Scabies: a skin infestation review

The human skin is a reflection of how healthy the human internal body system is. We often pay much attention on the skin without considering the internal body issues that has led to the outer manifestations. These leads to the re-occurring of the skin infestations after a given period. Some drug allergies cause skin infestations. The activities of microorganisms and termites causes similar skin infestations. The proper diagnosis of the cause of particular skin disease aids the complete healing and reduces the chances of re occurrence. 
One of the most re occurring skin irritation is Scabies. Scabies is a skin infestation as a result of the hole dug activities of human itch termites. They make these holes up to the skin surface, causing skin irritation and inflammation. These holes they use as shield, and house for their eggs. They look like normal skin rashes but are very itchy. Scabies has similar signs and symptoms like other skin allergies and drug allergies, this similarities often confuse patients and some in-experience health workers. Not conducting proper dermatographic test makes them treat scabies patients with medications meant for allergies. This wrong treatment leads to severe skin irritation for the patient, and most times periodic re occurrence of scabies. When the eggs laid by the termites are not killed, they grow on the skin and keep reproducing. 
Scabies infestation is mostly found around the neck, the stomach, the inner thighs, in between the fingers and toes, and the arms. In male, they are also seen on the penis expecially around the penis cap. This occurs when the male while urinating, holds his genital with scabies infected hands knowingly or unknowingly. Male scabies patients often mistake scabies infestation around their genitals as Herpes. While they take anti viral and antibiotics in hopes to treat the Herpes, the scabies keep re-occurring with increased itching and skin irritations. 
Human scabies, a common infestation, has a worldwide distribution with a variable impact and presentation depending on the clinical situation. In developed, high-income settings, health institution and residential home outbreaks challenge health and social care services. In resource-poor settings, it is the downstream sequelae of staphylococcal and streptococcal bacteraemia, induced by scratching, which have a significant impact on the long-term health of communities. 
Over the past decade scabies has been recognised as a "neglected tropical disease" (NTD) by the World Health Organisation, has an accepted practical system of global diagnostic criteria and is being adopted into integrated programmes of mass drug administration for NTDs in field settings. This review seeks to summarise the recent advances in the understanding of scabies and highlight the advocacy and research headlines with their implication for diagnosis and management of outbreaks and individuals.
The world Medically accepted treatment for Human Scabies is Permethrin cream. Applying Permethrin cream on the whole body after bath, twice daily for 3 days, has shown positive and fast relief to scabies infestation. During treatment period, all clothings used or worn are meant to be regularly soaked and washed with warm water to kill termite eggs. 

In a prospective, randomized, investigator-blinded trial carried out by StefanoVeraldia and Rossana Schianchi, a foam containing pyrethrins-piperonyl butoxide was compared with 5% permethrin cream in 40 patients. The foam was at least as effective as permethrin. In comparison with permethrin, the foam induced a more rapid and complete resolution of itching. They concluded that, a 3-day treatment with pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide is at least as effective as a 5-day treatment with benzyl benzoate in convicted patients with scabies

The lack of scabies recognition by physicians is often caused by its similarity with other skin infections and allergies such as eczema, urticaria, atopic skin inflammation, and allergic contact skin inflammation.
Have you had scabies in the past? share your experience let us learn together and spread the news to help others easily identify and treat scabies when infected. 

Human Scabies: a skin infestation review