What is vasectomy?

Vasectomy is a form of birth control method specific to men. It is a surgical procedure for male sterilization. Vasectomy, is a highly effective and relatively simple outpatient procedure that permanently prevents pregnancy.

How does vasectomy work?

In vasectomy, the vas deferens is cut and sealed up by a surgeon. The vas deferens is the tube that carries sperm to the penis. With this procedure, there is no presence of sperm in the semen during ejaculation by the man, so the man is able to still reach orgasm and perform other sexual functions but, he would not be able to fertilize a woman’s egg during intercourse.

Types of Vasectomy

There are 2 majors types of vasectomy. 

1. Conventional Vasectomy:

Conventional vasectomy is also called the traditional  method of vasectomy. The procedure involves making two small incisions in the scrotum. The vas deferens (the tubes that carry sperm) are located first , then it is cut and sealed up using clips or cautery. This method has a longer duration for recovery compared to no-scalpel vasectomy.

2. No-Scalpel Vasectomy:

As the name implies, this method does not make use of a scalpel. Instead, this technique uses a special tool  called a dissecting forceps to create a small puncture in the scrotum. This often results in less pain and a faster recovery time. In comparison to the conventional method, it is less invasive.

What to do before a vasectomy

Before you undergo a vasectomy, here are some things you should do in preparation for the procedure.

1. Consultation:

Before you undergo a vasectomy,  you ate expected to talk to a urologist or any other qualified healthcare provider. The Urologist  will review your medical history as well as discuss your family planning goals, and answer any questions you may have.

2. Physical Exam:

 A physical exam will be performed to assess your overall health to check your suitability for the procedure.

3. Blood Tests:

 You may need to undergo blood tests to check for infections or other health conditions that may pose a risk during the procedure.

4. Stopping Ejaculation:

 You may be advised to refrain from ejaculation for a few days before the procedure.

5. Loose-fitting Clothing: Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing on the day of the procedure.

6. Your urologist or health provider, may recommend that you avoid drugs that are blood thinners before your surgery as this reduces the risk of bleeding during the surgery.

Advantages of Vasectomy.

1.Effectiveness:  Vasectomy is one of the most effective forms of birth control. It has a success rate of over 99%.

2. Permanent: Once the procedure is complete, there's no need for ongoing contraception.It is not reversible.

3. Simple and Quick: It is  a relatively minor outpatient procedure with a short recovery time. 

4. Cost-Effective: Compared to other forms of birth control over a lifetime, vasectomy can be very cost-effective.

Disadvantages of Vasectomy

1. Irreversibility:

Reversal is almost  impossible,  and an attempt to it can be complex and expensive.

2. Psychological Impact:

 Some men may experience emotional or psychological changes after a vasectomy especially with regards to their sex life. Some of these impacts include grief, anxiety, regret and reduction in self esteem.

3. Recovery Time: 

There may be some discomfort and limitations on physical activity for a short period especially after the procedure.

4. Pain and Discomfort: 

Some men experience pain and swelling in the scrotum after the procedure.

Some common side effects of Vasectomy include:

-  Bleeding around the scrotum

- Mild pain in the scrotum

- Blood in the semen after ejaculation

- Infection at the site of the incision

- Swelling around the scrotum

Conclusion

Vasectomy is a relatively safe, cost effective and reliable means of birth control in men. 

Note that:

-  Vasectomy,does not immediately make the man sterile. A waiting period of about 3 months or at least 20 ejaculations should have passed first to get whatever sperm remaining in the ducts out of the mans semen. 

- Vasectomy, does not protect the man against sexually transmitted diseases.

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